Earthworks & Site Preparation
Borehole Log
A Borehole Log is the detailed record produced from drilling a borehole during ground investigation, documenting the soil…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
California Bearing Ratio (CBR)
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is a penetration test that rates the strength of a subgrade or granular…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Cement Stabilization
Cement Stabilization is the improvement of soil by mixing in cement, which hydrates and binds particles to increase…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Compaction Test
A Compaction Test is a field test that verifies whether placed fill or subgrade has been compacted to…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Cut and Fill
Cut and Fill is an earthworks technique that levels a site by excavating soil from higher areas (cut)…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Dewatering
Dewatering is the temporary or permanent removal or lowering of groundwater from an excavation or site to allow…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Earthwork Balance
Earthwork Balance is the design objective of matching the volume of excavated material (cut) to the volume needed…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Geotechnical Investigation
A Geotechnical Investigation is the study of subsurface soil and rock conditions through boreholes, sampling, in-situ and laboratory…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Ground Improvement
Ground Improvement is a set of techniques that increase the strength, stiffness or drainage of weak in-situ soils…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Groundwater Table
The Groundwater Table is the level below which the ground is saturated with water, marking the upper surface…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Lime Stabilization
Lime Stabilization is a soil-treatment method in which lime is mixed into clay-rich soils to reduce plasticity and…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Mass Excavation
Mass Excavation is the large-scale removal of earth from a site to reach required formation levels, typically using…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Plate Load Test
A Plate Load Test is an in-situ test that measures the bearing capacity and settlement characteristics of soil…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Proctor Test
The Proctor Test is a laboratory compaction test that determines a soil's maximum dry density and optimum moisture…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Retaining Wall
A Retaining Wall is a structure that holds back soil or fill to create a level change, resisting…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Rock Excavation
Rock Excavation is the removal of hard rock strata that cannot be dug by conventional earthmoving plant, requiring…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Sheet Piling
Sheet Piling is the driving of interlocking steel sections into the ground to form a continuous wall that…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Shoring
Shoring is temporary support installed to keep the sides of an excavation or an unstable structure from collapsing…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Site Grading
Site Grading is the shaping of the ground surface to designed levels and gradients to create a stable…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Soil Bearing Capacity
Soil Bearing Capacity is the maximum load per unit area that ground can safely support without excessive settlement…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Soil Stabilization
Soil Stabilization is the treatment of soil to improve its strength, stiffness and durability, typically by adding binders…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Topographical Survey
A Topographical Survey is a detailed measured survey that records the existing physical features, levels and contours of…
Earthworks & Site Preparation
Trial Pit
A Trial Pit is a shallow excavation dug during site investigation to expose and inspect near-surface soils, made…